• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The battery (1) comprises: at least one electric energy storage cell (3); - an envelope (5) in which is housed the at least one electric energy storage cell (3), the envelope (5) having a bottom (7) of a low thermal conductivity material having at least one channel (9) circulation of a cooling fluid; a thermal plate (11) made of a material of high thermal conductivity, placed on the bottom (7), the thermal plate (11) being in thermal contact with the at least one electric energy storage cell (3); - A cradle (13), placed vis-à-vis the bottom (7) and separated from the bottom (7) by a space (15).
    公开号:FR3081261A1
    申请号:FR1854193
    申请日:2018-05-18
    公开日:2019-11-22
    发明作者:Jean-Baptiste Cassard；Denis Lattay
    申请人:Faurecia Systemes dEchappement SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Battery and vehicle equipped with such a battery
    The present invention relates to electricity storage batteries, in particular for motor vehicles.
    Motor vehicles powered by electric motors can be fitted with large capacity batteries containing, for example, Li Ion type cells. Such cells give off large amounts of heat when they are under heavy stress. The operating temperature of these batteries must be controlled to avoid premature aging.
    In this context, the invention aims to propose a battery provided with an efficient temperature management system, and which is of economical design.
    To this end, the invention relates according to a first aspect to a battery comprising:
    - at least one electrical energy storage cell;
    - an envelope in which is housed the at least one electrical energy storage cell, the envelope having a bottom made of a material of low thermal conductivity having at least one channel for circulation of a cooling fluid;
    - a thermal plate made of a material of high thermal conductivity, placed on the bottom, the thermal plate being in thermal contact with the at least one electrical energy storage cell;
    - a cradle, placed opposite the bottom and separated from the bottom by a space.
    The coolant is in thermal contact with the cells through a plate having a high thermal conductivity, so that the heat is dissipated very efficiently.
    The bottom of the battery casing is used to create the fluid circulation channels, which is particularly economical. It is not necessary to add an additional element to create the circulation channels.
    The cradle protects the battery against external aggressions. This cradle is a separate part of the envelope and separate from the thermal plate, and can therefore be made of a material suitable for its function as a protective screen.
    The space between the bottom and the cradle creates thermal protection, isolating the ducts from the outside.
    These different functions are provided by three pieces, typically in the form of a plate, so that the design of the battery is simple and economical.
    By "plate" is meant according to the invention an element whose main part is substantially planar, of small thickness with regard to its other dimensions, the main part being possibly ribbed.
    The battery can also have the following characteristics, considered individually or in all possible combinations:
    - the bottom is made of a composite or plastic material;
    - The composite material comprises a thermoplastic or thermosetting material and a reinforcement, the reinforcement advantageously comprising fibers, a majority of the fibers being short fibers of length less than 51 mm;
    - The bottom has an inner face facing the thermal plate and an outer face opposite the cradle, the inner face carrying reliefs delimiting between them the circulation channels;
    - the circulation channels are open towards the thermal plate;
    - the thermal plate is placed on the reliefs and closes the channels;
    - the cradle is made of a composite material;
    the composite material comprises a thermoplastic or thermosetting material and a reinforcement, the reinforcement advantageously comprising fibers, a majority of the fibers being continuous fibers of length greater than 100 mm;
    - the envelope comprises an upper part fixed in a sealed manner to the bottom;
    - The bottom is linked to the cradle at a plurality of points distributed over the bottom surface.
    According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a vehicle comprising a body and a battery having the above characteristics, the cradle being directly attached to the body.
    Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the detailed description which is given below, by way of indication and in no way limitative, with reference to the appended figures, among which:
    - Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a battery according to the invention, hung under the body of a vehicle;
    - Figures 2 and 3 are perspective views, respectively from above and from below, of the bottom of the battery casing of Figure 1;
    - Figure 4 is a perspective view of the thermal plate of the battery of Figure 1; and
    - Figures 5 and 6 are perspective views, respectively from above and from below, of the cradle of the battery of Figure 1.
    The battery 1 shown in FIG. 1 is intended for the storage of electrical energy. It is equipped for example with Li Ion type cells. Alternatively, it is of another type.
    The battery 1 is typically intended to equip a vehicle having an electric propulsion engine. Alternatively, it is intended to equip a vehicle having a hybrid engine. The vehicle is typically a motor vehicle, for example a car, bus or truck.
    According to another variant, the battery 1 does not equip a vehicle but a static installation.
    The battery 1 comprises at least one electrical energy storage cell 3, and a casing 5 in which is housed the at least one electrical energy storage cell 3.
    Typically, the battery 1 comprises a large number of cells 3, electrically connected to each other, in series and / or in parallel.
    The cells 3 are arranged one against the other and form one or more blocks of the type shown in FIG. 1. The cells of the same block are arranged between two flanges 4, placed at the two opposite ends of the block. The cells 3 and the puddles 4 of the same block are secured by straps (not shown) or any other means.
    The envelope 5 completely surrounds at least one cell 3. It is arranged to hold the cell or cells 3 in position. It internally delimits a gas and liquid tight volume. It thus isolates the cell (s) 3 from the external environment.
    The casing 5 has a bottom 7 made of a material of low thermal conductivity, having at least one channel 9 for circulation of a cooling fluid.
    The battery 1 also comprises a thermal plate 11 made of a material of high thermal conductivity, placed on the bottom 7. The thermal plate 11 is in thermal contact with the at least one electrical energy storage cell 3.
    The term thermal contact is understood here to mean that the heat released by the cells 3 is preferably transmitted to the thermal plate 11. The thermal plate 11 constitutes a preferred evacuation path for the heat coming from the cells 3.
    The battery 1 also includes a cradle 13, placed facing the bottom 7 and separated from the bottom 7 by a space 15.
    The bottom 7 corresponds to the area of the casing 5 intended to be turned downwards when the battery 1 is in operation, for example when it is on board the vehicle.
    The envelope 5 comprises an upper part 17 tightly fixed to the bottom 7. The bottom 7 and the upper part 17 together completely surround the cell or cells 3.
    The bottom 7 is shown in more detail in FIGS. 2 and 3. It has an inner face 19 facing the thermal plate 11 and an outer face 21 facing the cradle 13. It comprises a substantially flat area 23, surrounded by an erected edge 25. The bottom 7 thus has the shape of a tray. The raised edge 25 extends on its periphery, towards the outside, by a flange 27.
    The substantially flat area 23 defines the inner and outer faces 19 and 21.
    The internal face 19 carries reliefs 29 delimiting between them the circulation channels 9. These reliefs project towards the thermal plate 11 with respect to the internal face 19. These are for example ribs. As a variant, the reliefs 29 have another shape.
    The reliefs 29 have come in one piece with the substantially planar zone 23.
    The bottom 7 is typically obtained by molding. It is therefore manufactured very economically.
    Alternatively, the bottom 7 is obtained by blowing, or by additive manufacturing.
    The reliefs 29 delimit between them the channels 9. These fluidly connect a cooling fluid inlet 31 to a cooling fluid outlet 33. The inlet 31 and the outlet 33 are orifices formed in the bottom 7, for example in the raised edge 25. The inlet 31 is intended to be connected to a supply of cooling fluid. The outlet 33 is designed to be connected to a cooling fluid outlet.
    The channels 9 are typically substantially parallel to one another, as can be seen in FIG. 2. They cover substantially the entire inner face 19 of the bottom 7.
    The channels 9 are open towards the thermal plate 11.
    The bottom 7 is advantageously made of a composite or plastic material.
    The bottom material 7 has a low thermal conductivity, typically between 0.15 and 1.5 W. rri 1 .
    The composite material preferably comprises a thermoplastic or thermosetting material and a reinforcement. By way of example, these reinforcements can be fibers, a majority of the fibers being short fibers of length less than 51 mm (2 inches). These short fibers are typically cut fibers.
    Long fibers can be arranged at certain points of the bottom 7, so as to locally reinforce the bottom 7. These fibers have a length greater than 100 mm. These long fibers are also called continuous fibers.
    Thus, in the material forming the bottom 7, at least 50% by weight of the fibers are short fibers, and less than 50% by weight of the fibers are long fibers.
    The composite material is, for example, a thermosetting matrix material of the SMC (Sheet Molding Compound) / SMC type with continuous fibers.
    As a variant, the composite material is for example a thermoplastic matrix material of the overmolded thermoplastic prepreg type.
    The bottom 7 typically has a thickness of between 2 mm and 7.5 mm.
    The upper part 17 of the casing 5 is typically made of the same material as the bottom 7.
    Such a material is easily shaped by molding and makes it possible to obtain the forms sought for the bottom 7, in particular due to the use of SMC / SMC technologies with thermosetting continuous fibers or overmolded thermoplastic prepreg.
    The upper part 17 of the casing 5 typically has the shape of a cap. It includes an upper flange 35 designed to bear against the flange 27 of the bottom 7.
    The collar 27 and the upper collar 35 are fixed to each other in a gas and liquid tight manner, by any suitable means. They are for example rigidly fixed to each other by mechanical members 37 such as screws or tie rods, with the interposition of a seal not shown (Figure 1). The mechanical members 37 are received in the holes 38 in the bottom 7 (Figures 2 and 3). The orifices 38 are distributed all around the bottom 7.
    Alternatively or in addition, the collar 27 and the upper collar 35 are bonded to each other.
    The thermal plate 11 is substantially planar (Figure 4). It is typically of size and shape identical to those of the substantially flat zone 23 of the bottom 7. In the example shown, it is rectangular, but in a variant has any other suitable shape.
    The thermal plate 11 is placed on the reliefs 29 of the inner face 19 of the bottom 7 and thus closes the channels 9 for circulation of a cooling fluid (Figure 1). It is in contact with the tops of the reliefs 29 and connected at the periphery of the channels 9, in a sealed manner to the coolant, for example by gluing.
    A step 39 (Figure 1) is formed on the major part of the periphery of the substantially flat zone 23 of the bottom 7. The thermal plate 11 is also placed on the step 39 and is linked to the step 39 in a liquid-tight manner. cooling, for example by gluing.
    The thermal plate 11 is made of a material of high thermal conductivity, typically between 50 and 250 W. rri 1 .
    The material of the thermal plate 11 is preferably metallic, and is for example a steel, an aluminum or an aluminum alloy. The thermal plate 11 is typically a coated steel sheet or an anodized or non-anodized aluminum sheet.
    The cell or cells 3 rest on an upper face 43 of the thermal plate 11 (FIG. 1).
    The thermal plate 11 is preferably directly in contact with the cell or cells 3, their packaging or their spacers. As a variant, the thermal plate 11 is in contact with the cell or cells 3 through a device ensuring the homogeneous transmission of heat, such as a thermal paste.
    The thermal plate 11 typically has a thickness of between 0.2 and 1.5 mm, and preferably between 0.6 and 1 mm.
    The cradle 13 (FIGS. 5 and 6) has a substantially flat central part 45, surrounded by a raised edge 47. The raised edge 47 is extended outwards, at the periphery, by an outgoing flange 49.
    The cradle 13 thus has the shape of a concave tank for receiving the bottom 7.
    The central part 45 is larger than that of the substantially flat zone 23 of the bottom 7.
    The substantially flat area 23 of the bottom 7 is housed inside the cradle 13. Typically, the bottom 7 is practically entirely housed inside the cradle 13, the raised edge 47 completely surrounding the bottom 7.
    The flange 27 of the bottom 7 rests on the outgoing flange 49 of the cradle 13.
    The central part 45 of the cradle 13 is substantially parallel to the substantially planar area 23 of the bottom 7. The space 15 thus extends along the entire surface of the substantially planar area 23.
    The substantially planar zone 23 carries on its outer face 21 ribs 51 (FIG. 3), which bear on the central part 45 of the cradle 13. These ribs 51 form spacers which define the height of the space 15 separating the bottom 7 from cradle 13.
    The space 15 thermally insulates the conduits 9 from the outside. This space also offers an impact absorption race under the vehicle.
    It typically has a height of between 2.5 and 20 mm.
    The mechanical members 37 also secure the outgoing collar 49 to the collar 27 and the upper collar 35, belonging respectively to the bottom 7 and to the upper part 17 of the casing 5. They are received in orifices 52 formed in the cradle 13.
    Preferably, the thermal plate 11, the bottom 7 and the cradle 13 are rigidly fixed to each other by mechanical members 53 such as screws or tie rods, with the interposition of seals not shown.
    These mechanical members 53 are arranged for example in three lines substantially parallel to each other, two lines along the outer edges of the thermal plate 11 and a center line of the plate 11. The mechanical members 53 pass through the thermal plate 11 through the orifices 55 (Figure 4), pass through the substantially flat area 23 of the bottom 7 through the orifices 57 (Figures 2 and 3), and pass through the central part 45 of the cradle 13 through the orifices 59 (Figures 5 and 6).
    The thermal plate 11 is linked to the bottom 7 in a sealed manner around the mechanical members 53 passing through it, for example by gluing.
    The orifices 59 are located at the top of the bosses 61, formed in the central part 45 of the cradle 13.
    The mechanical members 53 typically also pass through the upper part 17 of the casing 5 and the flanges 4.
    The mechanical members 37 and 53 thus ensure the mechanical cohesion of the casing 5, the thermal plate 11 and the cradle 13.
    Thus, the bottom 7 is advantageously linked to the cradle 13 at a plurality of points distributed over the surface of the bottom 7. This makes it possible to impart great rigidity to the structure supporting the cell or cells 3, namely the structure formed from the thermal plate. 11, the bottom 7 and the cradle 13, where the mass of the cell or cells is centered. The cell or cells are particularly heavy. For an electrically powered vehicle, these cells have a weight of the order of 50 kg to 5 tonnes, and more specifically from 50 to 750 kg for a motor vehicle and from 150 kg to 5 tonnes for a bus or truck.
    The ribs 51 also contribute to the rigidity of said structure.
    The cradle 13 is advantageously made of a composite material.
    The composite material preferably comprises a thermoplastic or thermosetting material and a reinforcement. By way of example, these reinforcements can be fibers, a majority of the fibers being continuous fibers of length greater than 100 mm.
    Thus, in the material forming the cradle 13, at least 50% by weight of the fibers are continuous fibers.
    These long fibers are advantageously arranged in several layers, with orientations chosen to obtain excellent mechanical resistance depending on the stresses.
    The thermosetting material is for example a polyester, a vinylester, an epoxy, an acrylic, or a bio-sourced resin. The thermoplastic material is, for example, a synthetic or bio-sourced thermoplastic resin.
    The reinforcement is for example a fiberglass, basalt, carbon, aramid, or HMPP (high molecular weight polypropylene). Alternatively, the reinforcement is in linen, hemp or is another bio-sourced fiber.
    Thus, the cradle 13 is made of a particularly rigid and mechanically resistant material.
    It ensures the protection of the cell (s) 3 from external aggressions.
    When the battery 1 is mounted on board a vehicle, the cradle 13 takes up the stresses suffered by the battery 1 to transmit them to the structure of the vehicle. The forces transmitted are typically accelerations, vertical and / or horizontal. These accelerations result for example from the normal movement of the vehicle, irregularities in the running surface, or even shocks to the vehicle.
    When the battery 1 is mounted on board the vehicle, the cradle 13 protects the cells 3 from intrusions coming either from below by obstacles present on the road, or from the sides by participating in the protection of the cells 3 during the side impact.
    Typically, the cradle 13 transmits the forces directly to the body 63 of the vehicle (Figure 1).
    To do this, the cradle 13 is rigidly fixed to the body 63 by mechanical members 65, such as screws, tie rods or any other fixing means. These mechanical members 65 are received in orifices 67 formed in the outgoing flange 49 of the cradle 13 (Figures 5 and 6).
    Thus, the battery 1 of the invention advantageously comprises a first structure in a composite material ensuring the accommodation of the cells whose shaping is easier, and a second structure in a structurally more resistant composite material ensuring the protection thereof but whose formatting is more difficult. The first structure is the bottom 7. Because it can be relatively more easily formed, it is possible to create coolant circulation channels in the bottom 7.
    The second structure is the cradle 13. Its mechanical strength allows it to perform its protection and force recovery functions. However, it is made of a material that does not easily allow obtaining complex ribbed shapes, in particular the cooling channels.
    The battery 1 is typically fixed under the body 63, as illustrated in the figure
    1. Alternatively, she is taken on board the vehicle in any other way.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. - Battery (1) comprising:
    - at least one electrical energy storage cell (3);
    - an envelope (5) in which is housed the at least one electrical energy storage cell (3), the envelope (5) having a bottom (7) made of a material of low thermal conductivity having at least one channel (9) circulation of a cooling fluid;
    - a thermal plate (11) made of a material of high thermal conductivity, placed on the bottom (7), the thermal plate (11) being in thermal contact with the at least one electrical energy storage cell (3);
    - A cradle (13), placed facing the bottom (7) and separated from the bottom (7) by a space (15).
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. - Battery according to claim 1, wherein the bottom (7) is in a composite or plastic material.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. - Battery according to claim 2, wherein the composite material comprises a thermoplastic or thermosetting material and a reinforcement, the reinforcement advantageously comprising fibers, a majority of the fibers being short fibers of length less than 51 mm.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. - Battery according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the bottom (7) has an inner face (19) facing the thermal plate (11) and an outer face (21) facing opposite the cradle (13), the inner face (19) carrying reliefs (29) delimiting between them the circulation channels (9).
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. - Battery according to claim 4, wherein the circulation channels (9) are open towards the thermal plate (11).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. - Battery according to claim 5, wherein the thermal plate (11) is placed on the reliefs (29) and closes the channels (9).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. - Battery according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the cradle (13) is made of a composite material.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. - Battery according to claim 7, wherein the composite material comprises a thermoplastic or thermosetting material and a reinforcement, the reinforcement advantageously comprising fibers, a majority of the fibers being continuous fibers of length greater than 100 mm.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. - Battery according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the envelope (5) comprises an upper part (17) fixed in a sealed manner to the bottom (7).
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. - Battery according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the bottom (7) is linked to the cradle (13) at a plurality of points distributed over the surface of the bottom (7).
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11, - Vehicle comprising a body (63) and a battery (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, the cradle (13) being directly attached to the body (63).
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20190356028A1|2019-11-21|
    CN110504510A|2019-11-26|
    JP2019200993A|2019-11-21|
    JP6875453B2|2021-05-26|
    FR3081261B1|2020-04-24|
    DE102019112603A1|2019-11-21|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US20120227931A1|2009-09-10|2012-09-13|Thomas Heckenberger|Method for producing an energy storage device holder for a vehicle|
    FR2974453A1|2011-04-19|2012-10-26|Valeo Systemes Thermiques|DEVICE FOR THERMALLY MANAGING A BATTERY PACK|
    DE102012012663A1|2012-06-23|2013-12-24|Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft|Housing for carrying and cooling lithium ion battery pack for drive of electric vehicle, has separation body arranged between operating device and trough, where body and trough limit intermediate space to guide coolant in flow-proof design|
    US20150236314A1|2014-02-17|2015-08-20|Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd.|Case for battery pack|
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    DE102011015830A1|2011-04-01|2012-10-04|Li-Tec Battery Gmbh|Electrochemical cell for storing electrical energy|
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    DE102014107388A1|2014-05-26|2015-11-26|Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft|Underbody unit for a motor vehicle|
    US9819062B2|2014-11-14|2017-11-14|Ford Global Technologies, Llc|Traction battery assembly with thermal device|
    CN105762428B|2016-03-03|2019-06-04|宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司|Battery pack|
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    DE102020102609A1|2020-02-03|2021-08-05|Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft|Energy storage housing and method for producing an energy storage housing|
    JP2022026036A|2020-07-30|2022-02-10|トヨタ自動車株式会社|Power storage device|
    法律状态:
    2019-05-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2019-11-22| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20191122 |
    2020-05-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2021-04-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1854193|2018-05-18|
    FR1854193A|FR3081261B1|2018-05-18|2018-05-18|BATTERY AND VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A BATTERY|FR1854193A| FR3081261B1|2018-05-18|2018-05-18|BATTERY AND VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A BATTERY|
    DE102019112603.7A| DE102019112603A1|2018-05-18|2019-05-14|Battery and vehicle equipped with such a battery|
    CN201910411912.0A| CN110504510A|2018-05-18|2019-05-17|Battery and vehicle equipped with the battery|
    US16/415,507| US20190356028A1|2018-05-18|2019-05-17|Battery and vehicle equipped with said battery|
    JP2019094446A| JP6875453B2|2018-05-18|2019-05-20|Batteries and vehicles with batteries|
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